What term describes the thermal decomposition of health care wastes in absence of molecular oxygen?

The correct term for the thermal decomposition of health care wastes in the absence of molecular oxygen is pyrolysis. This process involves the breakdown of organic material through the application of heat, which occurs in an oxygen-free environment. Pyrolysis results in the conversion of waste into various products, including gases, oils, and solid residues like char, making it a valuable method for waste management in the healthcare sector.

In contrast, incineration involves burning waste in the presence of oxygen, leading to the complete combustion of materials, which generates heat and reduces waste volume. Aerobic decomposition refers to the breakdown of organic material in the presence of oxygen by microorganisms, resulting in compost or biogas. Gasification also involves high-temperature processing, but it typically requires limited oxygen to convert organic material into syngas and solid residues. Therefore, pyrolysis is distinct in that it explicitly occurs without oxygen, making it the appropriate term in this context.