Which treatment method involves using steam under pressure to sterilize waste?

The treatment method that involves using steam under pressure to sterilize waste is autoclaving. This process is commonly used in healthcare settings to ensure that medical waste is free from viable pathogens and contaminants before disposal.

Autoclaving works by subjecting waste to high-pressure steam at a specified temperature, typically around 121-134 degrees Celsius. This combination of heat and pressure effectively kills bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms. The steam penetrates the materials, ensuring thorough sterilization, which is crucial for waste like sharps, contaminated instruments, and other healthcare-related materials that may pose a risk of infection.

This method is favored because it is effective, environmentally friendly compared to incineration, and does not produce harmful byproducts that might hazard human health and the environment. Thus, autoclaving plays a critical role in ensuring the safe and compliant management of healthcare waste.